CDC's National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) collects and reports annual mortality statistics using data from U.S. death certificates. Because of the time needed to investigate certain causes of death and to process and review data, final annual mortality data for a given year are typically released 11 months after the end of the calendar year. Daily totals reported by CDC COVID-19 case surveillance are timely but can underestimate numbers of deaths because of incomplete or delayed reporting. As a result of improvements in timeliness and the pressing need for updated, quality data during the global COVID-19 pandemic, NVSS expanded provisional data releases to produce near real-time U.S. mortality data.* This report presents an overview of provisional U.S. mortality data for 2020, including the first ranking of leading causes of death. In 2020, approximately 3,358,814 deaths† occurred in the United States. From 2019 to 2020, the estimated age-adjusted death rate increased by 15.9%, from 715.2 to 828.7 deaths per 100,000 population. COVID-19 was reported as the underlying cause of death or a contributing cause of death for an estimated 377,883 (11.3%) of those deaths (91.5 deaths per 100,000). The highest age-adjusted death rates by age, race/ethnicity, and sex occurred among adults aged ≥85 years, non-Hispanic Black or African American (Black) and non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons, and males. COVID-19 death rates were highest among adults aged ≥85 years, AI/AN and Hispanic persons, and males. COVID-19 was the third leading cause of death in 2020, after heart disease and cancer. Provisional death estimates provide an early indication of shifts in mortality trends and can guide public health policies and interventions aimed at reducing numbers of deaths that are directly or indirectly associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.

中文翻译：

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临时死亡率数据-美国，2020年。

疾病预防控制中心的国家生命统计系统（NVSS）使用美国死亡证明书中的数据收集并报告年度死亡率统计数据。由于调查某些死因以及处理和审查数据需要时间，因此通常在日历年结束后的11个月发布给定年份的最终年度死亡率数据。CDC COVID-19病例监测报告的每日总计是及时的，但由于报告不完整或延迟，可能低估了死亡人数。由于及时性得到改善，并且在全球COVID-19大流行期间迫切需要更新的高质量数据，NVSS扩大了临时数据的发布范围，以产生接近实时的美国死亡率数据。*本报告概述了美国临时死亡率数据。到2020年，包括第一大死亡原因排名。在2020年，在美国，大约有3,358,814人死亡†。从2019年到2020年，按年龄调整的死亡率估计增长了15.9％，从每10万人口的715.2例死亡增加到828.7例死亡。据报道，COVID-19是潜在的死亡原因或死亡的促成原因，其中约377,883（11.3％）人死亡（每10万人中有91.5人死亡）。按年龄，种族/民族和性别划分的最高年龄调整死亡率是在≥85岁的成年人，非西班牙裔黑人或非裔美国人（Black）和非西班牙裔印第安人或阿拉斯加原住民（AI / AN）中发生的，和男性。在≥85岁的成年人，AI / AN和西班牙裔人士以及男性中，COVID-19死亡率最高。COVID-19是2020年仅次于心脏病和癌症的第三大死亡原因。