Lysosomes are degradation centers and signaling hubs in cells and play important roles in cellular homeostasis, development, and aging. Changes in lysosome function are essential to support cellular adaptation to multiple signals and stimuli. Therefore, lysosome biogenesis and activity are regulated by a wide variety of intra- and extracellular cues. Here, we summarize current knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms of lysosome biogenesis, including synthesis of lysosomal proteins and their delivery via the endosome-lysosome pathway, reformation of lysosomes from degradative vesicles, and transcriptional regulation of lysosomal genes. We survey the regulation of lysosome biogenesis in response to nutrient and nonnutrient signals, the cell cycle, stem cell quiescence, and cell fate determination. Finally, we discuss lysosome biogenesis and functions in the context of organismal development and aging.

中文翻译：

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溶酶体的生物发生：调节和功能。

溶酶体是细胞中的降解中心和信号枢纽，在细胞稳态，发育和衰老中起重要作用。溶酶体功能的改变对于支持细胞对多种信号和刺激的适应至关重要。因此，溶酶体的生物发生和活性受到各种各样的细胞内和细胞外信号的调节。在这里，我们总结了溶酶体生物发生调控机制的当前知识，包括溶酶体蛋白质的合成及其通过内体-溶酶体途径的传递，来自降解囊泡的溶酶体的重组以及溶酶体基因的转录调控。我们调查了响应营养物和非营养物信号，细胞周期，干细胞静止和细胞命运确定的溶酶体生物发生的调控。最后，