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Frontal bone virtual reconstruction and geometric morphometric analysis of the mid-Pleistocene hominin KNM-OG 45500 (Olorgesailie, Kenya).
Journal of Anthropological Sciences ( IF 1.500 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-31 , DOI: 10.4436/jass.98022
Tommaso Mori 1 , Antonio Profico 2 , Hugo Reyes-Centeno 3 , Katerina Harvati 4
Affiliation  

KNM-OG 45500 is a hominin fossil composed of parts of a frontal bone, left temporal bone, and cranial vault pieces. Since its discovery along the Olorgesailie Formation (Kenya) in 2003, it has been associated with the Homo erectus hypodigm. The specimen, derived from a geological context dated to ca. 900 Ka BP, has been described as a very small individual of probable female sex. However, despite its status as an important hominin specimen, it has not been used in a quantitative comparative framework because of its fragmentary condition. Here, we undertake a virtual reconstruction of the better-preserved fragment, the frontal bone. We additionally apply geometric morphometric analyses, using a geographically diverse fossil and modern human sample, in order to investigate the morphological affinities of KNM-OG 45500. Our results show that the frontal shape of KNM-OG 45500 exhibits similarities with Early Pleistocene fossils from Eurasia and Africa that are assigned to H. erectus sensu lato (s.l.). Its size, on the other hand, is notably smaller than most other Homo erectus fossils and modern humans and similar to the specimens from Dmanisi (Georgia) and to Homo naledi. Taken together, our analyses of the frontal bone suggest a taxonomic attribution of KNM-OG 45500 to H. erectus s.l. and extend even further the range of size variability associated with this taxon around 900 Ka BP.

中文翻译:

中更新世人类 KNM-OG 45500 (Olorgesailie, Kenya) 的额骨虚拟重建和几何形态测量分析。

KNM-OG 45500 是一种古人类化石,由额骨、左颞骨和颅骨部分组成。自 2003 年沿 Olorgesailie 组(肯尼亚)发现以来,它一直与直立人hypodigm 有关。该标本来自可追溯至约的地质背景。900 Ka BP,被描述为一个非常小的个体,可能是女性。然而,尽管它是一个重要的古人类标本,但由于其零碎的条件,它并没有被用于定量比较框架中。在这里,我们对保存完好的额骨进行了虚拟重建。我们还应用几何形态测量分析,使用地理上不同的化石和现代人类样本,以研究 KNM-OG 45500 的形态亲和力。我们的结果表明,KNM-OG 45500 的正面形状与来自欧亚大陆和非洲的早更新世化石具有相似性,这些化石属于人类直立人(sl)。另一方面,它的大小明显小于大多数其他直立人化石和现代人类,与来自德马尼西(格鲁吉亚)和纳莱迪人的标本相似。总之,我们对额骨的分析表明 KNM-OG 45500 属于直立人 sl 的分类学属性,并进一步扩展了与该分类群相关的大小变异范围(大约 900 Ka BP)。明显小于大多数其他直立人化石和现代人类,与来自德马尼西(格鲁吉亚)和纳莱迪人的标本相似。总之,我们对额骨的分析表明 KNM-OG 45500 属于直立人 sl 的分类学属性,并进一步扩展了与该分类群相关的大小变异范围(大约 900 Ka BP)。明显小于大多数其他直立人化石和现代人类,与来自德马尼西(格鲁吉亚)和纳莱迪人的标本相似。总之,我们对额骨的分析表明 KNM-OG 45500 属于直立人 sl 的分类学属性,并进一步扩展了与该分类群相关的大小变异范围(大约 900 Ka BP)。
更新日期:2020-12-31
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