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Learning presence within the Community of Inquiry framework: An alternative measurement survey for a four-factor model
The Internet and Higher Education ( IF 8.591 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.iheduc.2021.100832
Ruth E.H. Wertz 1
Affiliation  

Within the distance education community, the Community of Inquiry (COI) framework is widely accepted as a framework to understand and design text-based learning environments. The framework includes three components: Cognitive Presence, Teaching Presence, and Social Presence. Recent work has proposed the addition of a fourth component, Learning Presence, which reflects students' self-regulation, and its role within the original framework. This study evaluated alternative structures of the COI framework to explain student perceptions of learning online. The study participants (n = 256) were graduate students from multiple institutions who had taken at least one fully online course as part of their degree requirements. Survey data were collected using a single Likert-scaled survey instrument. Presented herein are the results of the first phase of a two-part study, which included a series of confirmatory factor analyses to evaluate the measurement models of the four COI constructs individually, followed by a model including all four constructs simultaneously. Future work on the second phase of the this two-part study evaluated a series of structural models using path analyses and hierarchical linear regression analyses. Findings indicated that teaching presence reached a more parimonious model with two subscales as opposed to the three subscales of the COI survey. A new subscale "peer faciliation" was proposed for teaching presence, but had better model fit as a subscale of social presence. The three existing subscales of social presence could also more parsimoniously represented with two subscales, with the new "peer faciliation" subscale acting as the third. Finally, learning presence was modeled with three subscales, and was the strongest overall predictor of cognitive presence, compared to teaching and social presence. This work makes unique contributions to the study of online learning environments through the COI framework by introducing a comprehensive survey that includes Learning Presence indicators, producing evidence on the multi-dimensionality of the COI constructs, and the strong relationship between Learning Presence and Cognitive Presence.



中文翻译:

探究社区框架内的学习存在:四因素模型的替代测量调查

在远程教育社区内,探究社区 (COI) 框架被广泛接受为理解和设计基于文本的学习环境的框架。该框架包括三个组成部分:认知存在、教学存在和社会存在。最近的工作建议增加第四个组成部分,学习存在,它反映了学生的自我调节,以及它在原始框架中的作用。本研究评估了 COI 框架的替代结构,以解释学生对在线学习的看法。研究参与者 ( n = 256) 是来自多个机构的研究生,他们至少选修了一门完全在线的课程作为学位要求的一部分。使用单一的李克特量表调查工具收集调查数据。本文介绍的是一项由两部分组成的研究的第一阶段的结果,其中包括一系列验证性因素分析,以分别评估四个 COI 结构的测量模型,然后是同时包含所有四个结构的模型。这项由两部分组成的研究第二阶段的未来工作使用路径分析和分层线性回归分析评估了一系列结构模型。结果表明,与 COI 调查的三个子量表相比,教学存在达到了一个更简单的模型,有两个子量表。一个新的子量表“同伴促进” 被提议用于教学存在,但作为社会存在的子量表具有更好的模型拟合。现有的三个社会存在分量表也可以用两个分量表更简洁地表示,新的“同伴促进”分量表作为第三个分量表。最后,与教学和社会存在相比,学习存在被建模为三个子量表,并且是认知存在的最强整体预测因子。这项工作通过引入一项综合调查,通过 COI 框架对在线学习环境的研究做出了独特的贡献,该调查包括学习状态指标,提供关于 COI 结构多维性的证据,以及学习状态和认知状态之间的密切关系。现有的三个社会存在分量表也可以用两个分量表更简洁地表示,新的“同伴促进”分量表作为第三个分量表。最后,与教学和社会存在相比,学习存在被建模为三个子量表,并且是认知存在的最强整体预测因子。这项工作通过引入一项综合调查,通过 COI 框架对在线学习环境的研究做出了独特的贡献,该调查包括学习状态指标,提供关于 COI 结构多维性的证据,以及学习状态和认知状态之间的密切关系。现有的三个社会存在分量表也可以用两个分量表更简洁地表示,新的“同伴促进”分量表作为第三个分量表。最后,与教学和社会存在相比,学习存在被建模为三个子量表,并且是认知存在的最强整体预测因子。这项工作通过引入一项综合调查,通过 COI 框架对在线学习环境的研究做出了独特的贡献,该调查包括学习状态指标,提供关于 COI 结构多维性的证据,以及学习状态和认知状态之间的密切关系。子量表作为第三个。最后,与教学和社会存在相比,学习存在被建模为三个子量表,并且是认知存在的最强整体预测因子。这项工作通过引入一项综合调查,通过 COI 框架对在线学习环境的研究做出了独特的贡献,该调查包括学习状态指标,提供关于 COI 结构多维性的证据,以及学习状态和认知状态之间的密切关系。子量表作为第三个。最后,与教学和社会存在相比,学习存在被建模为三个子量表,并且是认知存在的最强整体预测因子。这项工作通过引入一项综合调查,通过 COI 框架对在线学习环境的研究做出了独特的贡献,该调查包括学习状态指标,提供关于 COI 结构多维性的证据,以及学习状态和认知状态之间的密切关系。

更新日期:2021-11-25
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