Multilevel methods allow researchers to investigate relationships that expand across levels (e.g., individuals, teams, and organizations). The popularity of these methods for studying organizational phenomena has increased in recent decades. Methodologists have examined how these methods work under different conditions, providing an empirical base for making sound decisions when using these methods. In this article, we provide recommendations, tools, resources, and a checklist that can be useful for scholars involved in conducting or assessing multilevel studies. The focus of our article is on two-level designs, in which Level-1 entities are neatly nested within Level-2 entities, and top-down effects are estimated. However, some of our recommendations are also applicable to more complex multilevel designs.

多层次方法允许研究人员调查跨层次（例如，个人、团队和组织）扩展的关系。近几十年来，这些研究组织现象的方法越来越受欢迎。方法学家研究了这些方法在不同条件下的工作方式，为在使用这些方法时做出合理决策提供了经验基础。在本文中，我们提供了对参与进行或评估多层次研究的学者有用的建议、工具、资源和清单。我们文章的重点是两级设计，其中一级实体整齐地嵌套在二级实体中，并估计自上而下的效果。然而，我们的一些建议也适用于更复杂的多级设计。