Purpose of Review

There is concern that extreme weather events may become stronger, more frequent, or both as the climate changes. This paper seeks more clarity in defining different types of extreme storms, and the global distribution of each type.

Recent Findings

Detailed case studies of specific events over the United States are revealing but the only way to document such occurrences globally is by using radar profiles from the GPM core satellite. Recent results differ somewhat depending on specific definitions and approaches, but they are starting to converge.

Summary

We demonstrate the global distribution of the ~ 1000 most extreme events of each type over a 5-year period and find that in addition to testing for extreme rain rates and extremely intense convection, we must also differentiate by size. Large rain areas containing extreme rates are exclusively oceanic, small rain areas often have extreme rates over land. The most intense convective cores are almost exclusively over land, regardless of size.

中文翻译：

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极端对流与极端降雨：全球视角

审查目的

人们担心，随着气候变化，极端天气事件可能会变得更强、更频繁，或两者兼而有之。本文力求更清晰地定义不同类型的极端风暴以及每种类型的全球分布。

最近的发现

对美国特定事件的详细案例研究具有启发性，但记录全球此类事件的唯一方法是使用 GPM 核心卫星的雷达剖面。最近的结果因具体定义和方法的不同而有所不同，但它们开始趋同。

概括

我们展示了 5 年内每种类型约 1000 起最极端事件的全球分布，并发现除了测试极端降雨率和极强对流之外，我们还必须按规模进行区分。包含极端速率的大雨区完全是海洋，小雨区通常在陆地上具有极端速率。最强烈的对流核心几乎完全出现在陆地上，无论其大小。