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Risk of psychosis in illicit amphetamine users: a 10 year retrospective cohort study
BMJ Mental Health ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-11-01 , DOI: 10.1136/ebmental-2021-300300 Chieh-Liang Huang , I-Ju Tsai , Cynthia Wei-Sheng Lee
BMJ Mental Health ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-11-01 , DOI: 10.1136/ebmental-2021-300300 Chieh-Liang Huang , I-Ju Tsai , Cynthia Wei-Sheng Lee
Question Amphetamine use is a risk factor for psychosis, which imposes a substantial burden on society. We aimed to investigate the incidence of psychosis associated with illicit amphetamine use and whether rehabilitation treatments could influence the psychosis risk. Study selection and analysis A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the population based Taiwan Illicit Drug Issue Database (TIDID) and the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), from 2007 to 2016. We identified 74 601 illicit amphetamine users as the amphetamine cohort and 2 98 404 subjects as the non-amphetamine cohort. The incidence rate of newly diagnosed psychosis was the main outcome. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to assess the effects of amphetamine, and the Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the cumulative psychosis incidence curves. Findings Illicit amphetamine users were 5.28 times more likely to experience psychosis than those without illicit drug use records. The risk was higher for subjects with multiple arrests for amphetamine use. A greater hazard ratio (HR) magnitude was observed in female patients. We also observed a significant decrease in the risk of psychosis in patients receiving rehabilitation treatments during deferred prosecution (adjusted HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.89). Conclusions Illicit amphetamine use was associated with an increased incidence of psychosis. The risk was identified across all age groups, particularly in women and in those arrested multiple times, and was inversely correlated with rehabilitation treatments for amphetamine misuse. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. Due to constraints on data sharing permissions from the Health and Welfare Data Science Centre, Taiwan, we are not allowed to share the data for public use.
更新日期：2022-11-01
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