Purpose of Review

Individual tree detection (ITD) methods and technologies for tracking individual forest products through a smart operational supply chain from stump to mill are now available. The purpose of this paper is to (1) review the related literature for audiences not familiar with remote sensing and tracking technologies and (2) to identify knowledge gaps in operational forestry and forest operations research now that these new data and systems are becoming more common.

Recent Findings

Past research has led to successful development of ITD remote sensing methods for detecting individual tree information and radio frequency identification (RFID), branding, and other product tracing methods for individual trees and logs. Blockchain and cryptocurrency that allow independent verification of transactions and work activity recognition based on mobile and wearable sensors can connect the mechanized and motor-manual components of supply chains, bridging gaps in the connectivity of data. However, there is a shortage of research demonstrating use of location-aware tree and product information that spans multiple machines.

Summary

Commercial products and technologies are now available to digitalize forest operations. Research should shift to evaluation of applications that demonstrate use. Areas for improved efficiencies include (1) use of wearable technology to map individual seedlings during planting; (2) optimizing harvesting, skidding and forwarder trails, landings, and decking based on prior knowledge of tree and product information; (3) incorporation of high-resolution, mapped forest product value and treatment cost into harvest planning; (4) improved machine navigation, automation, and robotics based on prior knowledge of stem locations; (5) use of digitalized silvicultural treatments, including microclimate-smart best management practices; and (6) networking of product tracking across multiple, sensorized machines.

中文翻译：

---

使用单棵树和产品级别数据来改善经营林业

审查目的

现在可以使用通过从树桩到工厂的智能运营供应链跟踪单个林产品的单个树木检测 (ITD) 方法和技术。本文的目的是 (1) 为不熟悉遥感和跟踪技术的读者回顾相关文献，以及 (2) 在这些新数据和系统变得越来越普遍的情况下，找出经营林业和森林经营研究中的知识差距.

最近的发现

过去的研究已导致成功开发了用于检测单棵树木信息的 ITD 遥感方法以及针对单棵树木和原木的射频识别 (RFID)、品牌和其他产品追踪方法。允许基于移动和可穿戴传感器独立验证交易和工作活动识别的区块链和加密货币可以连接供应链的机械化和电机手动组件，弥合数据连接方面的差距。然而，缺乏研究证明使用跨多台机器的位置感知树和产品信息。

概括

商业产品和技术现在可用于数字化森林经营。研究应该转向评估证明使用的应用程序。提高效率的领域包括（1）使用可穿戴技术在种植过程中绘制单个幼苗的地图；(2) 基于对树木和产品信息的先验知识，优化采伐、集材和货运路径、着陆和铺板；(3) 将高分辨率、映射的林产品价值和处理成本纳入采伐计划；(4) 基于杆位置的先验知识改进机器导航、自动化和机器人技术；(5) 使用数字化造林处理，包括小气候智能最佳管理实践；(6) 跨多台传感机器的产品跟踪网络。