Abstract

The superior biocompatibility and biodegradability of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) compared to man-made biopolymers such as polylactic acid promise huge potential in biomedical applications, especially tissue engineering (TE). Textile fiber-based TE scaffolds offer unique opportunities to imitate the anisotropic, hierarchical, or strain-stiffening properties of native tissues. A combination of PHAs’ enhanced biocompatibility and fiber-based TE scaffolds could improve the performance of TE scaffolds. However, the PHAs’ complex crystallization behavior and the resulting intricate spinning procedures remain a challenge. This review focuses on discussing the developments in PHA melt and wet spinning, their challenges, process parameters, and fiber characteristics while revealing the lack of an in-depth fiber characterization of wet-spun fibers compared to melt-spun filaments, leading to squandered potential in scaffold development. Additionally, the biomedical application of PHAs other than poly-4-hydroxybutyrate is hampered by a failure of polymer purity to meet the requirements for biomedical applications.

摘要

与聚乳酸等人造生物聚合物相比，聚羟基脂肪酸酯 (PHA) 具有优异的生物相容性和生物降解性，有望在生物医学应用，尤其是组织工程 (TE) 中发挥巨大潜力。基于纺织纤维的 TE 支架提供了独特的机会来模仿天然组织的各向异性、分层或应变硬化特性。PHA 增强的生物相容性和基于纤维的 TE 支架的组合可以提高 TE 支架的性能。然而，PHA 复杂的结晶行为和由此产生的复杂纺丝过程仍然是一个挑战。本综述重点讨论 PHA 熔体和湿法纺丝的发展、它们的挑战、工艺参数、和纤维特性，同时揭示与熔纺长丝相比，湿纺纤维缺乏深入的纤维特性，导致支架开发的潜力被浪费。此外，除聚 4-羟基丁酸酯之外的 PHA 的生物医学应用受到聚合物纯度不能满足生物医学应用要求的阻碍。