The dynamics of charged particles in electromagnetic fields is an essential component of understanding the most extreme environments in our Universe. In electromagnetic fields of sufficient magnitude, radiation emission dominates the particle motion and effects of quantum electrodynamics (QED) in strong fields are crucial, which triggers electron-positron pair cascades and counterintuitive particle-trapping phenomena. As a result of recent progress in laser technology, high-power lasers provide a platform to create and probe such fields in the laboratory. With new large-scale laser facilities on the horizon and the prospect of investigating these hitherto unexplored regimes, this review explores the basic physical processes of radiation reaction and QED in strong fields, how they are treated theoretically and in simulation, the new collective dynamics they unlock, recent experimental progress and plans, and possible applications for high-flux particle and radiation sources.

中文翻译：

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强电磁场中的带电粒子运动和辐射

电磁场中带电粒子的动力学是了解宇宙中最极端环境的重要组成部分。在足够强度的电磁场中，辐射发射主导着粒子运动，强场中的量子电动力学（QED）效应至关重要，它会引发电子-正电子对级联和违反直觉的粒子捕获现象。由于激光技术的最新进展，高功率激光器提供了一个在实验室中创建和探测此类领域的平台。随着新的大型激光设施的出现，以及研究这些迄今为止尚未探索的体系的前景，这篇综述探讨了强场中辐射反应和 QED 的基本物理过程、如何在理论上和模拟中处理它们、它们所产生的新的集体动力学。解锁，最近的实验进展和计划，以及高通量粒子和辐射源的可能应用。