Since the seminal studies by Osborne Reynolds in the nineteenth century, pipe flow has served as a primary prototype for investigating the transition to turbulence in wall-bounded flows. Despite the apparent simplicity of this flow, various facets of this problem have occupied researchers for more than a century. Here we review insights from three distinct perspectives: ( a) stability and susceptibility of laminar flow, ( b) phase transition and spatiotemporal dynamics, and ( c) dynamical systems analysis of the Navier—Stokes equations. We show how these perspectives have led to a profound understanding of the onset of turbulence in pipe flow. Outstanding open points, applications to flows of complex fluids, and similarities with other wall-bounded flows are discussed.

中文翻译：

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管流中的湍流转变


自从奥斯本·雷诺兹在十九世纪进行开创性研究以来，管道流一直是研究壁面流动向湍流转变的主要原型。尽管这个流程看似简单，但这个问题的各个方面已经困扰了研究人员一个多世纪。在这里，我们从三个不同的角度回顾见解：（a）层流的稳定性和敏感性，（b）相变和时空动力学，以及（c）纳维-斯托克斯方程的动力系统分析。我们展示了这些观点如何使人们对管道流中湍流的发生有了深刻的理解。讨论了突出的开放点、复杂流体流动的应用以及与其他壁限流动的相似性。