Use of conversational agents, like chatbots, avatars, and robots is increasing worldwide. Yet, their effectiveness in health care is largely unknown. The aim of this advanced review was to assess the use and effectiveness of conversational agents in various fields of health care. A literature search, analysis, and synthesis were conducted in February 2022 in PubMed and CINAHL. The included evidence was analyzed narratively by employing the principles of thematic analysis. We reviewed articles on artificial intelligence-based question-answering systems in health care. Most of the identified articles report its effectiveness; less is known about its use. We outlined study findings and explored directions of future research, to provide evidence-based knowledge about artificial intelligence-based question-answering systems.

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基于人工智能的医疗问答系统综述

聊天机器人、化身和机器人等对话代理的使用在全球范围内不断增加。然而，它们在医疗保健方面的有效性在很大程度上是未知的。这篇高级评论的目的是评估对话代理在医疗保健各个领域的使用和有效性。2022 年 2 月在 PubMed 和 CINAHL 中进行了文献检索、分析和综合。通过采用主题分析的原则，对包含的证据进行了叙述性分析。我们回顾了有关医疗保健中基于人工智能的问答系统的文章。大多数确定的文章都报告了它的有效性；对其用途知之甚少。我们概述了研究结果并探讨了未来研究的方向，以提供有关基于人工智能的问答系统的循证知识。