The Garrett Lee Smith (GLS) Memorial Act, continuously funded since 2004, has supported comprehensive, community-based youth suicide prevention efforts throughout the United States. Compared to matched communities, communities implementing GLS suicide prevention activities have lower population rates of suicide attempts and lower mortality among young people. Positive outcomes have been more pronounced with continuous years of implementation and in less densely populated communities. Cost analyses indicate that implementation of GLS suicide prevention activities more than pays for itself in reduced health care costs associated with fewer emergency department visits and hospitalizations. Although findings are encouraging, the heterogeneity of community suicide prevention programs and the lack of randomized trials preclude definitive determination of causal effects associated with GLS. The GLS initiative has never been brought fully to scale (e.g., simultaneously impacting all communities in the United States), so beneficial effects on nationwide suicide rates have not been realized.

中文翻译：

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加勒特·李·史密斯纪念法案：自杀预防倡议的描述和回顾


加勒特·李·史密斯 (GLS) 纪念法案自 2004 年起持续资助，支持全美范围内全面、以社区为基础的青少年自杀预防工作。与匹配社区相比，实施 GLS 自杀预防活动的社区自杀未遂率较低，年轻人死亡率也较低。经过多年的持续实施，在人口密度较低的社区，积极成果更加明显。成本分析表明，实施 GLS 自杀预防活动不仅可以降低医疗费用，还可以减少急诊科就诊和住院治疗的次数，从而物超所值。尽管研究结果令人鼓舞，但社区自杀预防计划的异质性和随机试验的缺乏阻碍了与 GLS 相关的因果效应的明确确定。 GLS 倡议从未完全规模化（例如，同时影响美国所有社区），因此尚未实现对全国自杀率的有益影响。