In recent years, the prevalence rates of children’s mental health disorders have increased with current estimates identifying that as many as 15–20% of children meet criteria for a mental health disorder. Unfortunately, the same robust parenting interventions which have long targeted some of the most common and the most treatable child concerns (e.g., externalizing, disruptive behavior, and aggression) have also shown consistently low rates of father engagement. This persistent issue of engagement comes in the wake of an increasingly large body of literature which highlights the unique positive contributions fathers make to children and families when they are engaged in parenting interventions. As the role fathers play in families shifts to become more inclusive of childcare responsibilities and less narrowly defined by financial contributions, it becomes increasingly important to understand how best to engage fathers in interventions that aim to enhance parenting efficacy and family outcomes such as coparenting. The current review examined intervention (e.g., format and setting) and implementation characteristics (e.g., training and agency-level changes) associated with father engagement. Particular attention is paid to studies which described father-specific engagement strategies (e.g., inviting fathers directly, father-only groups, and adapting intervention to incorporate father preferences). A total of 26 articles met inclusion criteria after screening and full-text review. Results indicate that father engagement (i.e., initiating treatment) remains low with 58% of studies either not reporting father engagement or having engagement rates below 50%. More than two-thirds of studies did not include specific father engagement strategies. Those that did focused on changes to treatment format (e.g., including recreational activities), physical treatment setting (e.g., in-home and school), and reducing the number of sessions required for father participation as the most common father-specific engagement strategies. Some studies reported efforts to target racially and ethnically diverse fathers, but review results indicated most participants identified as Non-Hispanic White. Interventions were largely standard behavioral parent training programs (e.g., PCIT and PMT) with few exceptions (e.g., COACHES and cultural adaptations), and very few agencies or programs are systematically making adjustments (e.g., extended clinic hours and changes to treatment format) to engage fathers. Recommendations for future directions of research are discussed including the impact of differential motivation on initial father engagement in treatment, the importance of continuing to support diverse groups of fathers, and the potential for telehealth to address barriers to father engagement.

近年来，儿童心理健康障碍的患病率有所增加，目前估计多达 15-20% 的儿童符合心理健康障碍的标准。不幸的是，长期以来针对一些最常见和最容易治疗的儿童问题（例如外化、破坏性行为和攻击性）的同样强有力的育儿干预措施也显示出父亲参与度始终较低。这种持续存在的参与问题是在越来越多的文献强调父亲在参与育儿干预时对儿童和家庭做出的独特积极贡献之后出现的。随着父亲在家庭中扮演的角色变得更加包容育儿责任，并且不再局限于经济贡献的狭隘定义，了解如何最好地让父亲参与旨在提高养育效率和家庭成果（例如共同养育）的干预措施变得越来越重要。当前的审查审查了与父亲参与相关的干预措施（例如，形式和环境）和实施特征（例如，培训和机构层面的变化）。特别关注描述了父亲特定参与策略的研究（例如，直接邀请父亲、仅限父亲的团体以及调整干预措施以纳入父亲的偏好）。经过筛选和全文评审，共有26篇符合纳入标准的文章。结果表明，父亲参与度（即开始治疗）仍然很低，58% 的研究要么没有报告父亲参与度，要么参与率低于 50%。超过三分之二的研究没有包括具体的父亲参与策略。那些确实关注于改变治疗形式（例如，包括娱乐活动）、物理治疗环境（例如，家庭和学校）以及减少父亲参与所需的治疗次数，作为最常见的父亲特定参与策略。一些研究报告了针对不同种族和民族的父亲的努力，但审查结果表明大多数参与者被确定为非西班牙裔白人。干预措施主要是标准的行为父母培训计划（例如，PCIT 和 PMT），很少有例外（例如，教练和文化适应），并且很少有机构或计划系统地进行调整（例如，延长就诊时间和改变治疗形式）让父亲参与。讨论了未来研究方向的建议，包括差异动机对父亲最初参与治疗的影响、继续支持不同父亲群体的重要性，以及远程医疗解决父亲参与障碍的潜力。