Flow is an optimal state that contributes positively to individual well-being and performance. Despite growing evidence of its antecedents and outcomes at work, few efforts have been made to systematically examine and synthesize the extant findings to advance the theoretical and empirical development of flow. Combining different perspectives (e.g., job demands and resources theory, proactivity and leadership literatures), we aim to identify the key antecedents and outcomes relevant to work-related flow, and (a) provide a nomological network and (b) spot areas for future research on flow. We conducted a meta-analysis to synthesize findings (N = 60,110, k = 113). Results showed that several factors, including job characteristics, individual characteristics, individual behaviors, and leadership characteristics were significantly related to flow. Individual behavior displayed the strongest association with flow (ρ = 0.55). In addition, flow was not only related to job outcomes but also to personal outcomes. We also investigated the relative contribution of sub-dimensions of flow to well-being and performance. The relationships between flow and its associates hold across different measures of flow and culture. Our findings suggest that employees can use more proactive strategies to foster flow rather than only respond to their environment. Despite the short-run side effects of flow (e.g., risk-taking behavior), flow is worth pursuing in the long run as it benefits both work and personal well-being. We encourage future flow studies to investigate additional social and situational factors and various types of proactive behaviors in a multilevel process.

心流是一种对个人福祉和绩效做出积极贡献的最佳状态。尽管越来越多的证据表明心流的前因和结果，但很少有人努力系统地检查和综合现有的研究结果，以推进心流的理论和实证发展。结合不同的观点（例如，工作需求和资源理论、主动性和领导力文献），我们的目标是确定与工作相关流程相关的关键前因和结果，并（a）提供法理网络和（b）为未来找到领域流量研究。我们进行了荟萃分析来综合研究结果 ( N  = 60,110, k = 113）。结果表明，工作特征、个人特征、个人行为和领导特征等多个因素与流动显着相关。个体行为与流量的关联性最强 ( ρ = 0.55）。此外，心流不仅与工作成果相关，还与个人成果相关。我们还研究了心流子维度对幸福感和绩效的相对贡献。心流及其关联者之间的关系适用于不同的心流和文化衡量标准。我们的研究结果表明，员工可以使用更积极主动的策略来促进流动，而不仅仅是对环境做出反应。尽管心流有短期副作用（例如，冒险行为），但从长远来看，心流值得追求，因为它有利于工作和个人福祉。我们鼓励未来的心流研究在多层次的过程中调查额外的社会和情境因素以及各种类型的主动行为。