This research note assesses participatory health governance practices for HIV and AIDS in Brazil. By extension, we also evaluate municipal democratic governance to public health outcomes. We draw from a unique dataset on municipal HIV/AIDS prevalence and participatory health governance from 2006–17 for all 5,570 Brazilian municipalities. We use negative binomial regression and coarsened exact matching with treatment effects to estimate the influence of community health governance institutions on HIV/AIDS prevalence. Municipalities with participatory health councils experience 14% lower HIV/AIDS prevalence than other municipalities, all else equal. Family Health Program coverage, municipal state capacity, and municipal per capita health spending are also associated with systematically lower HIV/AIDS prevalence. We conclude that participatory health governance may combat HIV and AIDS through municipal spending, education, and community mobilization. Municipal health councils can facilitate these strategies and offer opportunities for improving well-being around the world.

本研究报告评估了巴西针对艾滋病毒和艾滋病的参与式健康治理实践。此外，我们还评估市政民主治理对公共卫生成果的影响。我们从 2006-17 年巴西所有 5,570 个城市的城市艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行情况和参与性健康治理的独特数据集中提取数据。我们采用负二项回归和粗化精确匹配治疗效果来估计社区卫生治理机构对艾滋病流行的影响。在其他条件相同的情况下，拥有参与性卫生委员会的城市的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患病率比其他城市低 14%。家庭保健计划的覆盖范围、市政府能力和市人均卫生支出也与系统性降低艾滋病毒/艾滋病患病率有关。我们的结论是，参与式健康治理可以通过市政支出、教育和社区动员来对抗艾滋病毒和艾滋病。市卫生委员会可以促进这些战略，并为改善世界各地的福祉提供机会。