There is no vaccine to protect from cryptosporidiosis, a leading cause of diarrhea in infants in low- and middle-income countries. Here, we comprehensively identified parasite antigens associated with protection from reinfection. A Cryptosporidium protein microarray was constructed by in vitro transcription and translation of 1,761 C. parvum, C. hominis, or C. meleagridis antigens, including proteins with a signal peptide and/or a transmembrane domain. Plasma IgG and/or IgA from Bangladeshi children longitudinally followed for cryptosporidiosis from birth to 3 years of age allowed for identification of 233 seroreactive proteins. Seven of these were associated with protection from reinfection. These included Cp23, Cp17, Gp900, and 4 additional antigens — CpSMP1, CpMuc8, CpCorA and CpCCDC1. Infection in the first year of life, however, often resulted in no detectable antigen-specific antibody response, and antibody responses, when detected, were specific to the infecting parasite genotype and decayed in the months after infection. In conclusion, humoral immune responses against specific parasite antigens were associated with acquired immunity. While antibody decay over time and parasite genotype-specificity may limit natural immunity, this work serves as a foundation for antigen selection for vaccine design.

中文翻译：

---

特定的隐孢子虫抗原与再感染免疫和隐孢子虫病的保护有关

目前还没有疫苗可以预防隐孢子虫病，隐孢子虫病是低收入和中等收入国家婴儿腹泻的主要原因。在这里，我们全面鉴定了与防止再感染相关的寄生虫抗原。通过 1,761 C的体外转录和翻译构建了隐孢子虫蛋白微阵列。帕尔文，C . 人类，或C . meleagridis抗原，包括具有信号肽和/或跨膜结构域的蛋白质。对孟加拉国儿童从出生到 3 岁的隐孢子虫病情况进行纵向追踪，血浆 IgG 和/或 IgA 可以鉴定出 233 种血清反应蛋白。其中七项与防止再次感染有关。其中包括 Cp23、Cp17、Gp900 和 4 种其他抗原 - CpSMP1、CpMuc8、CpCorA 和 CpCCDC1。然而，生命第一年的感染通常不会导致可检测到的抗原特异性抗体反应，而检测到的抗体反应是针对感染寄生虫基因型的特异性抗体反应，并在感染后几个月内衰减。总之，针对特定寄生虫抗原的体液免疫反应与获得性免疫相关。虽然抗体随着时间的推移而衰减和寄生虫基因型特异性可能会限制自然免疫，但这项工作可以作为疫苗设计的抗原选择的基础。