Identifying mechanisms of real-life human decision-making is central to inform effective, human-centric public policy. Here, we report larger trends and synthesize preliminary lessons from behavioral economic and neuro-economic investigations focusing on environmental values. We review the currently available evidence at different levels of granularity, from insights into how individuals value natural resources (individual level), evidence from work on group externalities, common pool resources, and social norms (social group level) to the study of incentives, policies, and their impact (institutional level). At each level, we identify viable directions for future scientific research and actionable items for policy-makers. Coupled with new technological and methodological advances, we suggest that behavioral economic and neuroeconomic insights may inform an effective strategy to optimize environmental resources. We conclude that the time is ripe for action to enrich policies with scientifically grounded insights, making an impact in the interest of current and future generations.

中文翻译：

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环境价值的行为经济学和神经经济学


识别现实生活中人类决策的机制对于制定有效的、以人为本的公共政策至关重要。在这里，我们报告了更大的趋势，并综合了以环境价值为重点的行为经济学和神经经济学调查的初步经验教训。我们以不同的粒度级别回顾了当前可用的证据，从对个人如何评价自然资源（个人级别）的见解、群体外部性、公共池资源和社会规范（社会群体级别）的研究证据到激励研究，政策及其影响（机构层面）。在每个层面上，我们都为未来科学研究确定了可行的方向，并为政策制定者确定了可行的项目。结合新技术和方法论的进步，我们认为行为经济学和神经经济学的见解可以为优化环境资源的有效策略提供信息。我们的结论是，采取行动，用有科学依据的见解来丰富政策，为当代和子孙后代的利益产生影响的时机已经成熟。