Few studies have assessed the multifactorial nature of environmental influences on population mental health. In this large-scale, population-based study of adults, we applied network analysis to study the relationship between environmental factors and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and well-being. We estimated networks with overall mental health nodes and individual symptoms to assess both broad and fine-grained associations between environmental factors and mental health. Finally, we conducted an out-of-sample replication in an independent large-scale sample to assess the robustness of our results. Across 31,000 adults randomly sampled from the Norwegian population, we identified associations between numerous environmental characteristics and mental health. Recent discrimination and unsupportive social environments were strongly associated with lower population well-being and higher levels of mental illness symptoms, respectively. The most strongly connected variables in the networks were environmental factors, including perceived problems with crime, violence, or vandalism in the residential area, worrying about violence or threats when outside, and problems with noise or contamination at home. Substantial variation in population mental health was explained by environmental factors included in the networks. Replicability of the results was excellent and suggestive of strong robustness of the results across samples. Our findings are indicative of the importance of environmental factors, such as the social environment, housing satisfaction, and residential area characteristics, for multiple aspects of population mental health. We identify several environmental factors that represent potentially useful targets for future studies and public health efforts seeking to improve mental health in the general population. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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成年人的心理健康和环境因素：基于人群的网络分析。

很少有研究评估环境对人口心理健康影响的多因素性质。在这项大规模、基于人群的成人研究中，我们应用网络分析来研究环境因素与抑郁、焦虑和幸福感症状之间的关系。我们估计了具有整体心理健康节点和个体症状的网络，以评估环境因素与心理健康之间的广泛和细粒度的关联。最后，我们在独立的大规模样本中进行了样本外复制，以评估我们结果的稳健性。我们从挪威人口中随机抽取 31,000 名成年人，发现了众多环境特征与心理健康之间的关联。最近的歧视和不支持的社会环境分别与较低的人口福祉和较高的精神疾病症状密切相关。网络中联系最紧密的变量是环境因素，包括感知到的居住区犯罪、暴力或破坏行为问题，担心外出时的暴力或威胁，以及家里的噪音或污染问题。网络中包含的环境因素可以解释人口心理健康的巨大差异。结果的可重复性非常好，表明跨样本的结果具有很强的稳健性。我们的研究结果表明了环境因素的重要性，例如社会环境、住房满意度和居住区特征，人口心理健康的多个方面。我们确定了几个环境因素，这些因素代表了未来研究和旨在改善普通人群心理健康的公共卫生努力的潜在有用目标。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。