Purpose

The research aims to investigate the changing skills required for international entrepreneurship (IE) and the awareness of these skills among students and professionals in four European countries. The study intends to investigate students' and professionals' perceptions of entrepreneurial skills and the potential for educational programs to improve their awareness of these skills.

Design/methodology/approach

This quantitative cross-sectional analysis uses an online questionnaire to collect data from 75 university students and 75 entrepreneurs in four European countries. Several tests validate the data, and Cronbach's alpha succeeded in measuring internal consistency. The results showed differences in the perception of skills between students and entrepreneurs.

Findings

Entrepreneurs had developed all competencies except access to finance, while students had lower perceptions of their skills, except for collaboration. Students needed to improve significantly in access to finance, business planning, financial skills, knowledge of the labour market and digital marketing. Practitioners only required significant improvement in access to finance and digital marketing.

Practical implications

Education programs should fit the needs of different groups: a broader program for students and more specific courses on access to finance and digital marketing for practitioners.

Originality/value

The present research's original feature highlights the need to monitor and adapt to the constantly changing skills for IE and the importance of hard and soft skills. The paper provides insights into the subject's awareness and perceived standard, with reflections for policymakers and practitioners.

中文翻译：

---

国际创业：创业技能发展的一种方法

目的

该研究旨在调查四个欧洲国家的国际创业（IE）所需的不断变化的技能以及学生和专业人士对这些技能的认识。该研究旨在调查学生和专业人士对创业技能的看法以及教育计划提高他们对这些技能的认识的潜力。

设计/方法论/途径

这项定量横断面分析使用在线调查问卷收集了来自四个欧洲国家的 75 名大学生和 75 名企业家的数据。多项测试验证了数据，Cronbach's alpha 成功测量了内部一致性。结果显示学生和企业家之间对技能的看法存在差异。

发现

企业家已经发展了除获得资金之外的所有能力，而学生对自己的技能（除了合作之外）的看法较低。学生需要显着提高获得融资的机会、商业规划、财务技能、劳动力市场知识和数字营销。从业者只需要在获取金融和数字营销方面取得显着改善。

实际影响

教育计划应满足不同群体的需求：为学生提供更广泛的计划，为从业者提供更具体的金融和数字营销课程。

原创性/价值

本研究的原始特征强调了监控和适应不断变化的 IE 技能的需要以及硬技能和软技能的重要性。本文深入探讨了主体的意识和感知标准，并为政策制定者和从业者提供了思考。