To determine the efficacy of intervention programs for young children (4–9 years) with emerging mental health needs, we conducted a review of meta-analytic and systematic reviews of the intervention literature. Of 41,061 abstracts identified and 15,076 screened, 152 review articles met the inclusion criteria. We reviewed interventions across multiple disciplines targeting: (1) general mental health concerns; (2) internalizing symptoms; (3) externalizing symptoms; (4) anxiety; (5) depression; (6) trauma; (7) symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; and (8) mental health concerns associated with autism spectrum disorder. Substantial evidence was found for the efficacy of behavioral and cognitive behavioral interventions for general mental health concerns, externalizing symptoms (generally, as well as ADHD, conduct, and other behavioral symptoms) and internalizing symptoms (generally, as well as anxiety) aged 4–9 years. Emerging evidence was identified for interventions targeting trauma symptoms, depression symptoms, and social, emotional and behavioral symptoms in autism spectrum disorder in children aged 4–9 years. Currently there is only limited emerging evidence regarding non-behavioral or non-cognitive behavioral interventions for programs targeting children ages 4–9 years where the aim is to deliver an evidence-based program to improve child social, emotional and/or behavioral functioning. Given the recent rises in mental health needs reported in children, targeted behavioral-and/or cognitive behavior therapy-based interventions should be made widely available to children (and their families) who experience elevated symptoms.

为了确定针对有新出现的心理健康需求的幼儿（4-9岁）的干预计划的有效性，我们对干预文献进行了荟萃分析和系统评价。在确定的 41,061 篇摘要和筛选的 15,076 篇摘要中，152 篇综述文章符合纳入标准。我们回顾了跨多个学科的干预措施，目标是：（1）一般心理健康问题； (2)内化症状； (3) 外化症状； （4）焦虑； (5)抑郁症； (6)外伤； (7) 注意力缺陷/多动障碍症状； (8) 与自闭症谱系障碍相关的心理健康问题。大量证据表明行为和认知行为干预对于 4 岁至9年。针对 4-9 岁儿童自闭症谱系障碍的创伤症状、抑郁症状以及社交、情感和行为症状的干预措施已确定了新的证据。目前，关于针对 4-9 岁儿童的计划的非行为或非认知行为干预的新证据非常有限，其目的是提供基于证据的计划，以改善儿童的社交、情感和/或行为功能。鉴于最近报告的儿童心理健康需求的增加，应向症状加重的儿童（及其家人）广泛提供基于行为和/或认知行为治疗的有针对性的干预措施。