Not getting vaccinated or an annual physical examination are examples of passive risk-taking. The present research investigates whether people choose differently for themselves or for others in passive risk-taking for health and safety. The results of seven studies (N = 2304, including two preregistered studies) provided reliable evidence that, compared with personal decision-makers, advisors were more inclined to recommend that others act to prevent risk, representing a self–other decision difference. This effect arose from personal decision-makers assigning greater weight to feasibility and less weight to desirability than advisors. Correspondingly, this difference was reduced when the feasibility level was higher. Understanding self–other differences in passive risk-taking and the underlying mechanisms may aid in designing campaigns to promote individual participation or even contribute to policy enforcement efforts.

不接种疫苗或每年进行体检都是被动冒险的例子。本研究调查了人们在为了健康和安全而被动冒险时是否会为自己或他人做出不同的选择。七项研究的结果（N = 2304，包括两项预先注册的研究）提供了可靠的证据，表明与个人决策者相比，顾问更倾向于建议其他人采取行动预防风险，这代表了自我与他人的决策差异。这种效应是由于个人决策者比顾问更重视可行性而较少重视可取性。相应地，当可行性水平较高时，这种差异就会减小。了解被动冒险中的自我与他人的差异及其潜在机制可能有助于设计促进个人​​参与的活动，甚至有助于政策执行工作。