Public perception of emerging climate technologies, such as greenhouse gas removal (GGR) and solar radiation management (SRM), will strongly influence their future development and deployment. Studying perceptions of these technologies with traditional survey methods is challenging, because they are largely unknown to the public. Social media data provides a complementary line of evidence by allowing for retrospective analysis of how individuals share their unsolicited opinions. Our large-scale, comparative study of 1.5 million tweets covers 16 GGR and SRM technologies and uses state-of-the-art deep learning models to show how attention, and expressions of sentiment and emotion developed between 2006 and 2021. We find that in recent years, attention has shifted from general geoengineering themes to specific GGR methods. On the other hand, there is little attention to specific SRM technologies and they often coincide with conspiracy narratives. Sentiments and emotions in GGR tweets tend to be more positive, particularly for methods perceived to be natural, but are more negative when framed in the geoengineering context.

公众对温室气体去除（GGR）和太阳辐射管理（SRM）等新兴气候技术的看法将强烈影响其未来的开发和部署。用传统的调查方法研究人们对这些技术的看法具有挑战性，因为它们在很大程度上不为公众所知。社交媒体数据通过允许对个人如何分享他们主动提出的意见进行回顾性分析，提供了补充证据。我们对 150 万条推文进行了大规模的比较研究，涵盖了 16 种 GGR 和 SRM 技术，并使用最先进的深度学习模型来展示 2006 年至 2021 年间注意力以及情感表达的发展情况。我们发现，近年来，人们的注意力已从一般地球工程主题转向特定的 GGR 方法。另一方面，人们很少关注特定的 SRM 技术，而且它们常常与阴谋叙事相吻合。GGR 推文中的情绪往往更加积极，特别是对于被认为是自然的方法，但在地球工程背景下则更加消极。