Objective: This paper examines how family-building transitions (union formation and first birth) affect the attitudes of Swedes toward work and parenthood. The literature finds that these life course transitions have a traditionalizing effect on gender roles. Is this also the case in Sweden, one of the most gender-equal countries in the world? Methods: Our study uses the longitudinal Young Adult Panel Study database. We run first-difference OLS regressions on the relationship between family-building transitions and work and parenthood attitudes, distinguishing men from women, and those with more education from those with less. Results: We find that family transitions do slightly traditionalize attitudes toward work and parenthood, but differences by gender and education are very small. Contribution: The overall pattern is one of striking similarity between men and women, suggesting that the gender revolution is well advanced in Sweden; traditional gender differences remain primarily among those with less education.

中文翻译：

---

瑞典家庭建设转型后对工作和为人父母的态度：识别性别和教育差异（作者：Eva Bernhardt、Frances Goldscheider、Malgorzata Switek）

目的：本文探讨了家庭建设的转变（联盟的形成和第一胎）如何影响瑞典人对工作和为人父母的态度。文献发现，这些生命历程的转变对性别角色有传统化的影响。世界上性别最平等的国家之一瑞典也是如此吗？方法：我们的研究使用纵向年轻成人小组研究数据库。我们对家庭建设转变与工作和养育态度之间的关系进行一阶差分 OLS 回归，区分男性和女性，以及受教育程度较高的人和教育程度较低的人。结果：我们发现家庭变迁确实使人们对工作和为人父母的态度稍微传统化，但性别和教育程度的差异非常小。贡献：总体模式是男性和女性之间惊人的相似，这表明性别革命在瑞典进展顺利；传统的性别差异主要存在于受教育程度较低的人群中。