Ergothioneine, Ovothiol and Selenoneine are sulfur/selenium-containing histidine-derived natural products widely distributed across different organisms. They exhibit significant antioxidant properties, making them as potential lead compounds for promoting health. Increasing evidence suggests that Ergothioneine is positively correlated with healthy ageing and longevity. The mechanisms underlying Ergothioneine regulation of the ageing process at cellular and molecular level are beginning to be understood. In this review, we provide an in-depth and extensive coverage of the anti-ageing studies on Ergothioneine and discuss its possible intracellular targeting pathways. In addition, we highlight the recent efforts in elucidating the biosynthetic details for Ergothioneine, Ovothiol and Selenoneine, with a particular focus on the study of their pharmacophore-forming enzymology.

中文翻译：

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麦角硫因及其同系物：抗衰老机制和药效团生物合成。

麦角硫因、卵硫醇和硒酮是含硫/硒的组氨酸衍生的天然产物，广泛分布于不同的生物体中。它们具有显着的抗氧化特性，使其成为促进健康的潜在先导化合物。越来越多的证据表明麦角硫因与健康衰老和长寿呈正相关。人们开始了解麦角硫因在细胞和分子水平上调节衰老过程的机制。在这篇综述中，我们对麦角硫因的抗衰老研究进行了深入而广泛的报道，并讨论了其可能的细胞内靶向途径。此外，我们重点介绍了最近在阐明麦角硫因、卵硫醇和硒烯的生物合成细节方面所做的努力，特别关注其药效团形成酶学的研究。