Health care research has long overlooked the intersection of multiple social inequalities. This study examines influenza vaccination inequities at the intersection of sexuality, gender, and race-ethnicity. Using data from the 2013 to 2018 National Health Interview Survey (N = 166,908), the study shows that sexual, gender, and racial-ethnic identities jointly shaped flu vaccination. Specifically, White gay men had the highest vaccination rate (56%), while Black bisexual women had the lowest rate (23%). Across Black, Hispanic, and White individuals, sexual minority women had lower vaccination rates than heterosexual women, but sexual minority men had higher or similar vaccination rates than heterosexual men. Economic enabling, noneconomic enabling, and need-based factors together explained a substantial portion of these gaps. However, they cannot explain all the disadvantages faced by Black lesbian, bisexual, and heterosexual women and Black heterosexual men. Findings offer new evidence of hidden health care inequities and inform health policies from an intersectional perspective.

中文翻译：

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揭示美国流感疫苗接种中的性别、性别和种族不平等现象。

医疗保健研究长期以来忽视了多种社会不平等的交叉点。这项研究探讨了性取向、性别和种族方面的流感疫苗接种不平等现象。该研究利用 2013 年至 2018 年全国健康访谈调查（N = 166,908）的数据表明，性、性别和种族身份共同影响流感疫苗接种。具体来说，白人男同性恋者的疫苗接种率最高（56%），而黑人双性恋女性的疫苗接种率最低（23%）。在黑人、西班牙裔和白人中，性少数女性的疫苗接种率低于异性恋女性，但性少数男性的疫苗接种率高于异性恋男性或相似。经济支持、非经济支持和基于需求的因素共同解释了这些差距的很大一部分。然而，它们无法解释黑人女同性恋、双性恋、异性恋女性和黑人异性恋男性面临的所有不利条件。研究结果提供了隐藏的医疗保健不平等的新证据，并从交叉角度为卫生政策提供信息。