Psychopathic personality is a multidimensional construct (De Brito et al., 2021) and the dimensions have differential associations with general and violent offending. Impairment in cognitive functioning, particularly intelligence (IQ), is another construct linked to both general and violent offending. However, the evidence is mixed on whether the combination of elevated psychopathy and low IQ increases the risk for violent offending (Hampton et al., 2014; Heilbrun, 1982; Walsh et al., 2004). Also, before this interaction can be firmly established, assessment of whether psychopathic traits are equivalent among individuals with different levels of IQ, especially those in the justice system, is needed. Using multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA), this study of justice-involved adult males tested whether Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; Hare, 2003) item parameters were invariant among those with low (< 85) versus average IQ (≥ 85). In addition, moderated nonlinear factor analysis was conducted using continuous IQ scores to test for its effect on a range of model parameters. Both approaches provided evidence of measurement invariance. Adding criminal offenses to the MG-CFA revealed differential associations of the psychopathy dimensions with violent offending. Finally, analysis of variance results suggested an interaction between psychopathy status and IQ level-that is, those meeting diagnostic criterion for psychopathy with low IQ had the highest number of violent offenses. This study provides evidence of measurement invariance for the PCL-R among justice-involved persons with varying levels IQ and helps to extend research on the dynamic associations between psychopathy, IQ, and violent behavior. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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对智力低下与平均智力的参与正义的成年男性的精神病评估：与暴力犯罪的不同联系。

精神变态人格是一个多维结构（De Brito et al., 2021），这些维度与一般犯罪和暴力犯罪有不同的关联。认知功能受损，特别是智力（IQ）受损，是与一般犯罪和暴力犯罪相关的另一个概念。然而，关于高精神病态和低智商的结合是否会增加暴力犯罪的风险，证据不一（Hampton et al., 2014; Heilbrun, 1982; Walsh et al., 2004）。此外，在牢固建立这种相互作用之前，需要评估不同智商水平的个体（尤其是司法系统中的个体）之间的精神病特征是否相同。这项针对涉及正义的成年男性的研究使用多组验证性因素分析 (MG-CFA)，测试了精神变态检查表修订版 (PCL-R; Hare, 2003) 项目参数在低 (< 85) 与平均水平的人群中是否保持不变。智商（≥85）。此外，使用连续 IQ 分数进行调节非线性因子分析，以测试其对一系列模型参数的影响。两种方法都提供了测量不变性的证据。将刑事犯罪添加到 MG-CFA 中揭示了精神病维度与暴力犯罪的不同关联。最后，方差分析结果表明精神病状态与智商水平之间存在交互作用，即那些符合低智商精神病诊断标准的人暴力犯罪次数最多。这项研究提供了具有不同智商水平的正义相关者的 PCL-R 测量不变性的证据，并有助于扩展对精神病、智商和暴力行为之间动态关联的研究。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。