Republicans and conservatives report better self-rated health and well-being compared to Democrats and liberals, yet they are more likely to reside in geographic areas with heavy COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. This harmed health on "both sides" of political divides, occurring in a time of rapid sociopolitical upheaval, warrants the revisiting of psychosocial mechanisms linked to political health differences. Drawing on national Gallup data (early 2021), we find that predicted differences in health or well-being vary substantially by ideology, party, voting behavior, and policy beliefs, with model fit depending on how politics are measured. Differences in self-rated health, psychological distress, happiness, trouble sleeping, and delayed health care tend to reveal worse outcomes for Democrats or liberals. Such differences often are reduced to insignificance by some combination of mastery, meritocratic beliefs, perceived social support, and COVID-19-related exposures and attitudes. Policy beliefs predict health differences most robustly across outcomes and mechanism adjustments.

中文翻译：

---

双方都受到伤害：COVID-19 大流行期间健康和福祉的政治差异。

与民主党和自由派相比，共和党和保守派的自评健康和幸福感更好，但他们更有可能居住在 COVID-19 发病率和死亡率较高的地区。在社会政治迅速动荡的时期，这种情况损害了政治分歧“双方”的健康，需要重新审视与政治健康差异相关的心理社会机制。根据盖洛普全国数据（2021 年初），我们发现健康或福祉的预测差异因意识形态、政党、投票行为和政策信念而有很大差异，模型的拟合程度取决于政治的衡量方式。自评健康、心理困扰、幸福感、睡眠问题和医疗保健延迟方面的差异往往会揭示民主党或自由派的结果更差。通过掌握能力、精英信仰、感知的社会支持以及与 COVID-19 相关的接触和态度的某种结合，这种差异往往会变得微不足道。政策信念最有力地预测结果和机制调整方面的健康差异。