An internal clock model was adopted to explore the mechanism whereby experiences of virtual reality influence tourism consumers' time estimation. A multidimensional virtual reality theater simulator was used to create virtual reality experiences for 172 participants. Self-reported and physiological data were collected to test the model. The results of the study revealed that focused attention, indicated by heart and respiratory rates, is an essential determinant of subjective time estimation. Arousal serves as a significant mediator between focused intention and time estimation, while enjoyment has a marginally negative influence on time estimation. These findings extend the internal clock model. They also have important practical implications for media providers and tourism destination agents seeking to engage tourism consumers in virtual reality experiences.

采用内部时钟模型探讨虚拟现实体验影响旅游消费者时间估计的机制。使用多维虚拟现实剧院模拟器为 172 名参与者创造虚拟现实体验。收集自我报告和生理数据来测试模型。研究结果表明，以心率和呼吸频率表示的注意力集中是主观时间估计的重要决定因素。唤醒是集中意图和时间估计之间的重要中介，而享受对时间估计有轻微的负面影响。这些发现扩展了内部时钟模型。它们对于寻求让旅游消费者参与虚拟现实体验的媒体提供商和旅游目的地代理商也具有重要的实际意义。