Although the political polarization literature has provided important insights in understanding the structure of political attitudes in the United States at the aggregate level, and how this has changed in recent years, few attempts have been made to examine how each individual subjectively perceives political space and how she locates herself vis-à-vis her political in/out groups at the individual level. To examine such subjective polarization, this paper proposes an approach that examines the trifold relationship between a political actor and the two major political parties. Such relational properties are studied by looking at how each individual locates herself in relation to political in/out groups. Using the American National Election Studies Dataset, this paper sheds new light on the patterns and trends of mass polarization in the United States and demonstrates that subjective polarization has a distinct contribution to partisan animus, or “affective polarization.”

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尽管政治极化文献为理解美国总体政治态度结构及其近年来的变化提供了重要见解，但很少有人尝试研究每个人如何主观地看待政治空间以及如何看待政治空间。她在个人层面上对自己的政治进/出群体进行定位。为了检验这种主观两极分化，本文提出了一种检验政治行为者与两个主要政党之间三重关系的方法。通过观察每个人如何定位自己与政治进/出群体的关系来研究这种关系属性。本文利用美国全国选举研究数据集，对美国大众极化的模式和趋势提供了新的认识，并证明主观极化对党派敌意或“情感极化”有明显的贡献。

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