OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of residual cardiovascular pathology by cardiac MRI (CMR), ambulatory rhythm monitoring, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in patients ∼6 months after multisystem inflammatory disease in children (MIS-C). METHODS Patients seen for MIS-C follow-up were referred for CMR, ambulatory rhythm monitoring, and CPET ∼6 months after illness. Patients were included if they had ≥1 follow-up study performed by the time of data collection. MIS-C was diagnosed on the basis of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria. Myocardial injury during acute illness was defined as serum Troponin-I level >0.05 ng/mL or diminished left ventricular systolic function on echocardiogram. RESULTS Sixty-nine of 153 patients seen for MIS-C follow-up had ≥1 follow-up cardiac study between October 2020-June 2022. Thirty-seven (54%) had evidence of myocardial injury during acute illness. Of these, 12 of 26 (46%) had ≥1 abnormality on CMR, 4 of 33 (12%) had abnormal ambulatory rhythm monitor results, and 18 of 22 (82%) had reduced functional capacity on CPET. Of the 37 patients without apparent myocardial injury, 11 of 21 (52%) had ≥1 abnormality on CMR, 1 of 24 (4%) had an abnormal ambulatory rhythm monitor result, and 11 of 15 (73%) had reduced functional capacity on CPET. The prevalence of abnormal findings was not statistically significantly different between groups. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of abnormal findings on follow-up cardiac studies and lack of significant difference between patients with and without apparent myocardial injury during hospitalization suggests that all patients treated for MIS-C warrant cardiology follow-up.

中文翻译：

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接受 MIS-C 治疗的患者的心血管随访。

目的 通过心脏 MRI (CMR)、动态心律监测和心肺运动试验 (CPET) 评估儿童多系统炎症性疾病 (MIS-C) 后约 6 个月患者残余心血管病理的发生率。方法 接受 MIS-C 随访的患者在病后 6 个月内转诊进行 CMR、动态心律监测和 CPET。如果患者在数据收集时进行了 ≥ 1 次随访研究，则被纳入其中。MIS-C 是根据疾病控制和预防中心的标准诊断的。急性疾病期间的心肌损伤定义为血清肌钙蛋白-I 水平 >0.05 ng/mL 或超声心动图左心室收缩功能减弱。结果 2020 年 10 月至 2022 年 6 月期间，153 名进行 MIS-C 随访的患者中，有 69 名患者进行了 1 次以上的随访心脏研究。37 名患者 (54%) 在急性疾病期间有心肌损伤的证据。其中，26 名患者中的 12 名 (46%) 的 CMR 出现 ≥1 次异常，33 名患者中的 4 名 (12%) 动态心律监测结果异常，22 名患者中的 18 名 (82%) 的 CPET 功能能力降低。在 37 名无明显心肌损伤的患者中，21 名患者中的 11 名 (52%) 的 CMR 出现≥1 次异常，24 名患者中的 1 名 (4%) 动态心律监测结果异常，15 名患者中的 11 名 (73%) 功能能力下降关于 CPET。各组之间异常发现的发生率没有统计学上的显着差异。结论 随访心脏研究中异常发现的发生率很高，并且住院期间有和没有明显心肌损伤的患者之间缺乏显着差异，这表明所有接受 MIS-C 治疗的患者都需要进行心脏病学随访。