The study investigates a mechanistic link if bacterial biofilm mediated host-pathogen interaction leads to immunological complications associated with breast implant illness (BII). Over 10 million women worldwide have breast implants. In recent years, women have described a constellation of immunological symptoms believed to be related to their breast implants. The study included 178 subjects divided in three cohorts. Eighty-six patients reported symptoms consistent with BII. Control group I (non-BII, N=55) included patients with breast implants without BII symptoms but went through explantation of the breast implant. Control group II (normal tissue, N=37) was comprised of women without an implant, whose breast tissue was removed as an unrelated clinically indicated surgical procedures. We report that periprosthetic breast tissue of BII had increased abundance of biofilm and biofilm-derived oxylipin, 10-HOME. S. epidermidis biofilm was observed to be higher in the BII group (73.33%) compared to non-BII group (16.67%, p=0.018) and the normal group (10%, p=0.036). The oxylipin was found to be immunogenic capable of polarizing naïve CD4+ T cells with a resulting Th1 subtype in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, an abundance of CD4+Th1 subtype was observed in the periprosthetic breast tissue and blood of BII subjects. Mice injected with 10-HOME also had increased Th1 subtype in blood akin to BII patients and demonstrated fatigue-like symptoms. The identification of an oxylipin-mediated mechanism of immune activation induced by local bacterial biofilm associated with BII provides insight into the possible pathogenesis of implant-associated immune symptoms of BII.

中文翻译：

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生物膜衍生的氧脂素 10-HOME 介导乳房植入物女性的免疫反应。

该研究调查了细菌生物膜介导的宿主-病原体相互作用是否导致与乳房植入物疾病（BII）相关的免疫并发症的机制联系。全球有超过 1000 万女性接受过隆胸手术。近年来，女性描述了一系列被认为与乳房植入物有关的免疫症状。该研究包括 178 名受试者，分为三组。86 名患者报告了与 BII 一致的症状。对照组 I（非 BII，N=55）包括没有 BII 症状但经历了乳房植入物拔除术的乳房植入物患者。对照组 II（正常组织，N = 37）由没有植入物的女性组成，她们的乳房组织作为与临床无关的外科手术被切除。我们报告说，BII 假体周围乳腺组织的生物膜和生物膜衍生的氧脂素 10-HOME 丰度增加。与非 BII 组（16.67%，p=0.018）和正常组（10%，p=0.036）相比，BII 组（73.33%）表皮葡萄球菌生物膜较高。研究发现，oxylipin 具有免疫原性，能够在体外和体内将幼稚 CD4+ T 细胞极化为 Th1 亚型。一致地，在 BII 受试者的假体周围乳腺组织和血液中观察到大量 CD4+Th1 亚型。与 BII 患者类似，注射 10-HOME 的小鼠血液中 Th1 亚型也有所增加，并表现出类似疲劳的症状。与 BII 相关的局部细菌生物膜诱导的氧脂质介导的免疫激活机制的鉴定，为了解 BII 植入相关免疫症状的可能发病机制提供了见解。