A growing body of research supports the role of self-disorders as core phenotypic features of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Self-disorders comprise various alterations of conscious experience whose theoretical understanding continues to present a challenge. The following 2 articles aim to provide further clarification of the nature of self-disorders in schizophrenia by offering a comprehensive review (article 1) and theoretical revision (article 2) of the currently most influential model of altered selfhood in schizophrenia: the basic-self-disturbance or ipseity-disorder model (IDM). This article presents a state-of-the-art overview of the current self-disturbance model and critically assesses its descriptive adequacy with respect to the clinical variability and heterogeneity of the alterations in self- and world-awareness characteristic of schizophrenia. Special attention is paid to experiences of exaggerated basic self, increased “grip” or “hold” on the world, and paradoxical combinations. The next article proposes a theoretical revision of the self-disturbance model by considering how hyperreflexivity might form the crucial common thread or generating factor that unifies the phenomenologically heterogeneous, and sometimes even contradictory features of schizophrenic self-disorders. We outline the implications of our revised model for explanatory research, therapeutic practice, and our general understanding of the abnormalities in question.

中文翻译：

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精神分裂症的自我紊乱：一种修正的观点（1.综合回顾——自我体验和世界体验的二元性）

越来越多的研究支持自我紊乱作为精神分裂症谱系疾病的核心表型特征的作用。自我障碍包括意识体验的各种改变，其理论理解仍然面临着挑战。以下两篇文章旨在通过对当前最有影响力的精神分裂症自我改变模型：基本自我进行全面回顾（第 1 条）和理论修订（第 2 条），进一步阐明精神分裂症中自我紊乱的本质。 -干扰或自在无序模型（IDM）。本文对当前的自我干扰模型进行了最先进的概述，并批判性地评估了其在精神分裂症自我和世界意识特征改变的临床变异性和异质性方面的描述充分性。特别关注夸大基本自我、增强对世界的“抓握”或“掌控”以及矛盾组合的体验。下一篇文章提出了对自我干扰模型的理论修正，通过考虑过度反射如何形成关键的共同线索或生成因素，统一精神分裂症自我障碍的现象学异质性、有时甚至是矛盾的特征。我们概述了修订后的模型对解释性研究、治疗实践以及我们对相关异常的一般理解的影响。