Warming and resulting degradation of near-surface permafrost in cold regions across the globe has and will continue to lead to a series of hazards. These include land subsidence and weakening of the substrate’s bearing capacity, thus threatening infrastructure and the socioeconomics in permafrost regions. These potential hazards shorten the lifespan of infrastructure, increase the cost of infrastructure maintenance and replacement, which is of great importance to a variety of stakeholders. In Northern Hemisphere permafrost regions, more than 34% of the population and 44% of the infrastructure will be at high risk by the end of this century. Due to the degradation of permafrost, infrastructure will require an additional investment of approximately $205–572 billion to maintain the operation of engineering and service infrastructure in 2085, based on projections with a high greenhouse gas emissions scenario.

中文翻译：

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北半球永久冻土退化的基础设施成本

全球寒冷地区变暖以及由此导致的近地表永久冻土退化已经并将继续导致一系列危害。这些包括地面沉降和基质承载力减弱，从而威胁永久冻土地区的基础设施和社会经济。这些潜在的危害缩短了基础设施的使用寿命，增加了基础设施维护和更换的成本，这对各种利益相关者来说都非常重要。在北半球永久冻土地区，到本世纪末，超过34%的人口和44%的基础设施将面临高风险。根据温室气体高排放情景的预测，由于永久冻土退化，基础设施将需要大约 205-5720 亿美元的额外投资，以维持 2085 年工程和服务基础设施的运行。