Our understanding of human neurocognitive aging, its developmental roots, and life course influences has been transformed by brain imaging technologies, increasing availability of longitudinal data sets, and analytic advances. The is a life course model, proposed originally in 2009, featuring adaptivity and compensatory potential as lifelong mechanisms for meeting neurocognitive challenges posed by the environment and by developing or declining brain circuitry. Here, we review the scaffolding theory in relation to new evidence addressing when during the life course potentially enriching and depleting factors exert their effects on brain health and scaffolding, and we consider the implications for separable, and potentially reciprocal, influences on the level of cognitive function and the rate of decline in later life.

中文翻译：

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认知衰老和生命历程：支架理论的新视角

大脑成像技术、纵向数据集可用性的增加和分析的进步已经改变了我们对人类神经认知衰老、其发育根源和生命历程影响的理解。这是一个生命历程模型，最初于 2009 年提出，以适应性和补偿潜力为特征，作为应对环境和大脑回路发展或衰退带来的神经认知挑战的终生机制。在这里，我们回顾了与新证据相关的脚手架理论，这些新证据涉及生命过程中潜在的丰富和消耗因素何时对大脑健康和脚手架产生影响，并且我们考虑了对认知水平的可分离的、潜在的相互影响的影响。功能和晚年衰退率。