This study examines the effect of homicides around schools on the standardized test scores of fifth and ninth graders (N = 4729; M_age = 12.71 years, SD_age = 2.13) using a quasi-experimental design in two Colombian cities. Exposure to homicides occurring within 7 days of the test and within 500 m of the school decreases test scores by 0.10 SD. Effects show a greater sensitivity to timing than distance, becoming null as the time to the testing date increases but remaining consistent across larger radii. Since students in the study are on average exposed to 12.1 homicides per year, even short-lived learning losses can accumulate to impair learning for substantial portions of the school year. Findings are discussed, considering previous empirical work.

中文翻译：

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凶杀时机对考试成绩的影响：来自哥伦比亚两个城市的准实验证据


本研究使用准模型检验了学校周围的凶杀案对五年级和九年级学生标准化考试成绩的影响（N = 4729；M _age = 12.71 岁，SD _age = 2.13）。 -在哥伦比亚两个城市进行的实验设计。暴露于测试后 7 天内以及学校 500 m 范围内发生的凶杀事件会使测试分数降低 0.10 SD。效果显示对时间的敏感性比对距离的敏感性更大，随着测试日期时间的增加而变得无效，但在较大的半径上保持一致。由于参与研究的学生平均每年会遭遇 12.1 起凶杀案，因此即使是短暂的学习损失也会累积起来，从而损害学年大部分时间的学习。考虑到以前的实证工作，对研究结果进行了讨论。