Glucose is a hydrophilic molecule that is transported in the blood and is vital for energy homeostasis across most tissues. However, glucose cannot readily diffuse through the lipid bilayers of cells and so glucose needs a transporter. The glucose transporters were first described in the 1980s. Today, 13 different glucose transporters have been identified, each with their own specific properties, and are expressed in various tissues.

中文翻译：

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移动中的运输机

葡萄糖是一种在血液中运输的亲水分子，对于大多数组织的能量稳态至关重要。然而，葡萄糖不能轻易地通过细胞的脂质双层扩散，因此葡萄糖需要转运蛋白。葡萄糖转运蛋白在 20 世纪 80 年代首次被描述。如今，已鉴定出 13 种不同的葡萄糖转运蛋白，每种都有其特定的特性，并在不同的组织中表达。