Owing to the growing emphasis on self-managed career patterns, career competencies as essential personal career resources play a vital role in several work and career outcomes. Despite extensive research on career competencies in the last three decades, it lacks a consistent theorization and often relies on diverse theoretical perspectives. To synthesize our scholarly knowledge of career competencies, we conducted a systematic literature review of 80 peer-reviewed articles from 1985 to November 2022. In doing so, we understand how the construct of career competencies has been conceptualized and measured, review prominent theoretical perspectives adopted, and build a theoretical model based on a self-regulation perspective. This review helped us identify significant research limitations and locate promising research gaps. Building on these insights, we craft a future research agenda highlighting opportunities for conceptual, theoretical, and empirical advancement of career competencies research.

由于人们越来越重视自我管理的职业模式，职业能力作为重要的个人职业资源，在多种工作和职业成果中发挥着至关重要的作用。尽管过去三十年对职业能力进行了广泛的研究，但它缺乏一致的理论，并且往往依赖于不同的理论观点。为了综合我们对职业能力的学术知识，我们对 1985 年至 2022 年 11 月的 80 篇同行评审文章进行了系统的文献综述。在此过程中，我们了解了职业能力的构建是如何概念化和衡量的，回顾了所采用的重要理论观点，并构建基于自我调节视角的理论模型。这次审查帮助我们识别了重大的研究局限性并找到了有希望的研究空白。基于这些见解，我们制定了未来的研究议程，强调职业能力研究的概念、理论和实证进步的机会。