The urinary microbiome (urobiome) is emerging as a new contributing factor in determining bladder cancer risk, but data from different studies are conflicting, owing to the lack of standardization. In a new study published in European Urology Open Science, a urobiome analysis was conducted in 48 patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumour, through the next-generation sequencing analysis of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA in first-morning urine. Individuals free from cancer were included as a control to reduce the effect of sample collection variability and standardize the analysis. In this study, first-morning urine was shown for the first time to be a suitable sample for urobiome analysis, showing a comparable composition with that of catheter-collected urine, with the advantage of being easily collectable and less expensive. Additionally, results from this analysis showed increased abundance of some taxa, particularly Porphyromonas, uniquely in the urobiome of patients with bladder cancer, suggesting that Porphyromonas could be a potential biomarker, although further large studies are needed to confirm these results and identify mechanisms underlying the pathogenic role of Porphyromonas.

泌尿微生物组（urobiome）正在成为确定膀胱癌风险的新影响因素，但由于缺乏标准化，不同研究的数据相互矛盾。在《欧洲泌尿学开放科学》上发表的一项新研究中，通过对晨尿中细菌 16S 核糖体 RNA 的下一代测序分析，对 48 名接受经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除术的患者进行了尿生物学组分析。将未患癌症的个体作为对照，以减少样本收集变异性的影响并使分析标准化。在这项研究中，首次证明晨尿是适合尿生物组分析的样本，其成分与导管收集的尿液相当，具有易于收集且价格便宜的优点。此外，该分析的结果显示某些类群的丰度增加，特别是膀胱癌患者尿生物组中独特的卟啉单胞菌，表明卟啉单胞菌可能是潜在的生物标志物，尽管需要进一步的大型研究来证实这些结果并确定其背后的机制。卟啉单胞菌的致病作用。