Continental lithosphere is deformed, destroyed, or otherwise modified in several ways. Processes that modify the lithosphere include subduction, terrane accretion, orogenesis, rifting, volcanism/magmatism, lithospheric loss or delamination, small-scale or edge-driven convection, and plume-lithosphere interaction. The eastern North American margin (ENAM) provides an exceptional locale to study this broad suite of processes, having undergone multiple complete Wilson cycles of supercontinent formation and dispersal, along with ∼200 Ma of postrift evolution. Moreover, recent data collection efforts associated with EarthScope, GeoPRISMS, and related projects have led to a wealth of new observations in eastern North America. Here I highlight recent advances in our understanding of the structure of the continental lithosphere beneath eastern North America and the processes that have modified it through geologic time, with a focus on recent geophysical imaging that has illuminated the lithosphere in unprecedented detail. ▪ Eastern North America experienced a range of processes that deform, destroy, or modify continental lithosphere, providing new insights into how lithosphere evolves through time. ▪ Subduction and terrane accretion, continental rifting, and postrift evolution have all played a role in shaping lithospheric structure beneath eastern North America. ▪ Relict structures from past tectonic events are well-preserved in ENAM lithosphere; however, lithospheric modification that postdates the breakup of Pangea has also been significant.Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Volume 52 is May 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

中文翻译：

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大陆岩石圈的演化、改造和变形：来自北美东缘的见解


大陆岩石圈以多种方式变形、破坏或以其他方式改变。改变岩石圈的过程包括俯冲、地体增生、造山作用、裂谷、火山作用/岩浆作用、岩石圈损失或分层、小规模或边缘驱动的对流以及羽流-岩石圈相互作用。北美东部边缘 (ENAM) 为研究这一广泛的过程提供了一个特殊的场所，经历了超大陆形成和扩散的多个完整的威尔逊周期，以及约 200 Ma 的裂谷后演化。此外，最近与 EarthScope、GeoPRISMS 和相关项目相关的数据收集工作在北美东部产生了大量新的观测结果。在这里，我强调了我们对北美东部下方大陆岩石圈结构以及地质时期改变它的过程的理解的最新进展，重点是最近的地球物理成像，它以前所未有的细节照亮了岩石圈。 ▪ 北美东部经历了一系列使大陆岩石圈变形、破坏或改变的过程，为岩石圈如何随时间演变提供了新的见解。 ▪ 俯冲和地体增生、大陆裂谷和裂谷后演化都在塑造北美东部岩石圈结构方面发挥了作用。 ▪ 过去构造事件的遗迹结构在 ENAM 岩石圈中保存完好；然而，盘古大陆分裂之后的岩石圈变化也很重要。《地球与行星科学年度评论》第 52 卷的预计最终在线出版日期为 2024 年 5 月。请参阅 http://www.annualreviews.org/page/修订后的估计的期刊/出版物。