The United States does not guarantee job-protected paid leave to workers when they or a family member are ill or need to seek medical care. Prior research shows that women are less likely to have access to paid sick leave (PSL) through their employers. I examine the impacts of three recent state-level paid sick leave policies in California, Massachusetts, and Oregon on women's employment and economic security using data from the American Community Survey. Using difference-in-differences and dynamic effects models, I find that PSL mandates increase women's employment by 1.2 percentage points (a 1.7% increase over the pre-policy baseline mean) with an average increase in income from wages and salary of $2,347, accompanied by steady decreases in poverty in the years after policy implementation. Effects are strongest among mothers and women without college degrees. This study demonstrates that PSL improves women's employment and economic security and may play an essential role in the package of policies supporting women's employment and earnings.

中文翻译：

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带薪病假规定对妇女就业和经济安全的影响

当工人或家庭成员生病或需要寻求医疗护理时，美国不保证工人享有受工作保护的带薪休假。先前的研究表明，女性不太可能通过雇主获得带薪病假（PSL）。我使用美国社区调查的数据研究了加利福尼亚州、马萨诸塞州和俄勒冈州最近三项州级带薪病假政策对妇女就业和经济安全的影响。使用双重差分和动态效应模型，我发现 PSL 规定使女性就业率增加了 1.2 个百分点（比政策前基线平均值增加 1.7%），工资收入平均增加 2,347 美元，同时政策实施后的几年里贫困人口稳步减少。对母亲和没有大学学位的女性的影响最为强烈。这项研究表明，PSL 改善了妇女的就业和经济安全，并可能在支持妇女就业和收入的一揽子政策中发挥重要作用。