After the 2015 Mw7.8 Gorkha earthquake, geodetic measurements have been extensively used to constrain slip kinematics, fault geometry of the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT) and earthquake cycle deformation. However, the spatially dense coseismic 3-D displacements remain largely unresolved, owing to the side-looking geometry of SAR images and sparse GPS observations. We improved 3-D displacements by incorporating a strain model in a Bayesian framework, utilizing all available coseismic interferograms and azimuth offsets from Sentinel-1 and ALOS-2 satellites. The coseismic strain map shows that major landslides in large slope areas are spatially consistent with extensional strain. The vertical component illustrates a spatial pattern different from interseismic and postseismic uplift, hinting at diverse contributions from various tectonic uplift processes in the frontal mountain belt. The spatial relationship between the interseismic strain and coseismic deformation suggests a partial release of the accumulated strain, implying a remaining notable seismic hazard around Gorkha.

中文翻译：

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使用多视点 InSAR 绘制 2015 年 Mw7.8 廓尔喀地震的 3D 同震位移图

2015 年 Mw7.8 廓尔喀地震后，大地测量被广泛用于约束滑动运动学、喜马拉雅主逆冲断层 (MHT) 的断层几何形状和地震周期变形。然而，由于 SAR 图像的侧视几何和稀疏的 GPS 观测，空间密集的同震 3D 位移在很大程度上仍未得到解决。我们通过将应变模型纳入贝叶斯框架中，利用 Sentinel-1 和 ALOS-2 卫星的所有可用同震干涉图和方位角偏移，改进了 3-D 位移。同震应变图显示，大坡区的主要滑坡在空间上与拉伸应变一致。垂直分量说明了与震间和震后隆升不同的空间格局，暗示了锋山带各种构造隆升过程的不同贡献。震间应变和同震变形之间的空间关系表明累积应变部分释放，这意味着廓尔喀周围仍然存在明显的地震危险。