Purpose

The purpose of this study is to propose a precise and standardized strategy for numerically simulating vehicle aerodynamics.

Design/methodology/approach

Error sources in computational fluid dynamics were analyzed. Additionally, controllable experiential and discretization errors, which significantly influence the calculated results, are expounded upon. Considering the airflow mechanism around a vehicle, the computational efficiency and accuracy of each solution strategy were compared and analyzed through numerous computational cases. Finally, the most suitable numerical strategy, including the turbulence model, simplified vehicle model, calculation domain, boundary conditions, grids and discretization scheme, was identified. Two simplified vehicle models were introduced, and relevant wind tunnel tests were performed to validate the selected strategy.

Findings

Errors in vehicle computational aerodynamics mainly stem from the unreasonable simplification of the vehicle model, calculation domain, definite solution conditions, grid strategy and discretization schemes. Using the proposed standardized numerical strategy, the simulated steady and transient aerodynamic characteristics agreed well with the experimental results.

Originality/value

Building upon the modified Low-Reynolds Number k-e model and Scale Adaptive Simulation model, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, a precise and standardized numerical simulation strategy for vehicle aerodynamics is proposed for the first time, which can be integrated into vehicle research and design.

中文翻译：

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车辆空气动力学精确标准化数值模拟策略研究

目的

本研究的目的是提出一种精确且标准化的车辆空气动力学数值模拟策略。

设计/方法论/途径

分析了计算流体动力学中的误差源。此外，还阐述了对计算结果有显着影响的可控经验误差和离散误差。考虑车辆周围的气流机制，通过大量的计算案例对每种求解策略的计算效率和精度进行了比较和分析。最后，确定了最合适的数值策略，包括湍流模型、简化车辆模型、计算域、边界条件、网格和离散化方案。介绍了两种简化的车辆模型，并进行了相关的风洞试验来验证所选策略。

发现

车辆计算空气动力学误差主要源于车辆模型、计算域、定解条件、网格策略和离散化方案的不合理简化。使用所提出的标准化数值策略，模拟的稳态和瞬态气动特性与实验结果非常吻合。

原创性/价值

据作者所知，在改进的低雷诺数ke模型和尺度自适应仿真模型的基础上，首次提出了一种精确、标准化的车辆空气动力学数值仿真策略，该策略可以集成到车辆研究和开发中。设计。