Nanoparticles (NPs) administered in the human body will undergo rapid surface modification upon contact with biological fluids driven by their interfacial interaction with a diverse range of biomolecules. Such spontaneous self-assembly and adsorption of proteins and other biomolecules onto the NP surface constitute what is commonly known as the protein or biomolecule corona. This surface biotransformation of the NPs modulates their biological interactions and impact on physiological systems and can influence their overall pharmacological profile. Here, we comment on how the initially considered ‘nuisance’ of the in vivo corona formation can now be considered a nanoparticle engineering tool for biomedical use, such as in endogenous tissue targeting, personalized biomarker discovery and immunomodulation.

中文翻译：

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体内生物分子电晕以及纳米医学将敌人转变为盟友

在人体中施用的纳米颗粒（NP）在与生物液体接触时，由于其与各种生物分子的界面相互作用，将经历快速的表面改性。蛋白质和其他生物分子在纳米粒子表面上的这种自发自组装和吸附构成了通常所说的蛋白质或生物分子冠。纳米颗粒的这种表面生物转化调节它们的生物相互作用和对生理系统的影响，并可以影响它们的整体药理学特征。在这里，我们评论了最初被认为是体内电晕形成的“麻烦”现在如何被视为生物医学用途的纳米颗粒工程工具，例如内源性组织靶向、个性化生物标志物发现和免疫调节。