Migration of microplastics in porous media is an important, yet overlooked phenomenon because most microplastic research has focused mainly on microplastic behavior in aquatic environments. Here we review experimental advances of microplastic migration in porous media, with emphasis on factors influencing microplastic migration. We observed that microplastic migration is influenced by environmental factors and microplastic properties. The effect of microplastic surface charge and functional groups, and of soil organisms on microplastic migration is unclear. Research at the macro-scale, higher than 1 m, predominantly starts with field sampling, and then carries out measurements or mathematical modeling to explore migration patterns. At the meso-scale, below 1 cm, studies often employ filled sand columns as proxies for porous media to generate breakthrough curves and retention profiles. At the micro-scale, below 1 mm, visualization of microplastic migration in pores is done by lab-on-a-chip devices to build transparent micromodels. Current research predominantly relies on industrially produced regular spherical microplastics, with limited focus on macro- and micro-scale studies.

微塑料在多孔介质中的迁移是一个重要但被忽视的现象，因为大多数微塑料研究主要集中在水生环境中的微塑料行为。本文综述了多孔介质中微塑料迁移的实验进展，重点关注影响微塑料迁移的因素。我们观察到微塑料迁移受到环境因素和微塑料特性的影响。微塑料表面电荷和官能团以及土壤生物对微塑料迁移的影响尚不清楚。1m以上宏观尺度的研究主要从现场采样开始，然后进行测量或数学建模来探索迁移模式。在细观尺度（低于 1 厘米），研究通常采用填充砂柱作为多孔介质的代表，以生成突破曲线和保留剖面。在低于 1 毫米的微观尺度上，通过芯片实验室设备对孔隙中的微塑料迁移进行可视化，以构建透明的微模型。目前的研究主要依赖于工业生产的规则球形微塑料，对宏观和微观尺度的研究关注有限。