The dynamical properties of soliton and vortex are closely related to the spontaneous symmetry breaking and the intertwining between internal and external degrees of freedom. We investigate the dynamics of ring dark solitons in a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate with nonlocal Rydberg interaction, where the continuous rotational symmetry is broken. Our results show that the dynamics of such a system, including the ring dark soliton and the vortices followed by the collapse of ring dark soliton, show strong dependence on the strength of nonlocal Rydberg interaction. It is shown that the radius, at which the snake instability of ring dark solitons occurs, increases with the Rydberg interaction, indicating a shorter lifetime. We also observe a critical value of the nonlocal Rydberg interaction, below which the number of vortex pair decreases with the Rydberg interaction, while no visible vortices generated above such critical value.

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探索里德堡玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中的环暗孤子动力学

孤子和涡旋的动力学性质与自发对称破缺以及内外自由度的交织密切相关。我们研究了具有非局域里德堡相互作用的二元玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中环暗孤子的动力学，其中连续旋转对称性被破坏。我们的结果表明，这样一个系统的动力学，包括环暗孤子和环暗孤子崩溃后的涡旋，显示出对非局域里德伯相互作用的强度的强烈依赖性。结果表明，环暗孤子蛇形不稳定性发生的半径随着里德伯相互作用的增加而增大，表明其寿命较短。我们还观察到非局域里德伯相互作用的临界值，低于该值，涡旋对的数量随着里德伯相互作用而减少，而高于该临界值则没有可见的涡旋产生。