Developing strain sensors with both high sensitivity and high linearity has always been the goal of researchers. Compared to resistive strain sensors, capacitive strain sensors have incomparable linearity advantages, but have always been limited by low sensitivity. Here, we report a gradient stiffness sliding design strategy that addresses this problem, significantly improving sensitivity while maintaining high linearity. By controlling the distribution of the locally enhanced electric field and the heterogeneous deformation of the substrate, a strain sensor with excellent performance is successfully prepared, exhibiting a giant gauge factor (9.1 × 10⁶) and linearity (R² = 0.9997) over the entire sensing range, together with almost no hysteresis and fast response time (17 ms). The gradient stiffness sliding design is a general strategy expected to be applied to other types of sensors to achieve ultra-high sensitivity and ultra-high linearity at the same time.

开发兼具高灵敏度和高线性度的应变传感器一直是研究人员的目标。与电阻式应变传感器相比，电容式应变传感器具有无可比拟的线性优势，但一直受到灵敏度低的限制。在这里，我们报告了一种梯度刚度滑动设计策略，可以解决这个问题，显着提高灵敏度，同时保持高线性度。通过控制局部增强电场的分布和基底的不均匀变形，成功制备了性能优异的应变传感器，在 整个应变传感器中表现出巨大的应变系数（9.1×10 ⁶）和线性度（R ² = 0.9997）感应范围大，几乎无滞后，响应时间快（17 ms）。梯度刚度滑动设计是一种通用策略，有望应用于其他类型的传感器，以同时实现超高灵敏度和超高线性度。