BACKGROUND The effect of a healthy lifestyle on dementia associated with multimorbidity-related is not well-understood. Our objective is to examine whether the adoption of a healthy lifestyle could potentially reduce the elevated risk of dementia in individuals with and without multimorbidity. METHODS We utilized data from the UK Biobank cohort. A comprehensive healthy lifestyle score, ranging from 0 to 6, was generated. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the associations between multimorbidity, the healthy lifestyle score, and the incidence risk of dementia. RESULTS Over a median follow-up period of 12.5 years, 5,852 all-cause dementia were recorded. Multimorbidity including cardiovascular, metabolic, neuro-psychiatric, and inflammation-related diseases was associated with a higher risk of subsequent dementia. Each additional chronic disease was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.38 (95% CI: 1.33, 1.44). Compared to individuals without multimorbidity and a healthy lifestyle score of 5-6, patients with multimorbidity and a lifestyle score of 0-1 had a significantly higher risk of dementia (HR: 3.13; 95% CI: 2.64, 3.72), but the risk was markedly attenuated among those with multimorbidity and a lifestyle score of 5-6. Among patients with three or more diseases, the HR for dementia was 0.53 (95%CI: 0.42, 0.68) when comparing a lifestyle score of 5-6 to 0-1. And we observed more pronounced association between them among people younger than 60 years old. CONCLUSION Adherence to a combination of healthy lifestyle factors, especially at a young age, were associated with a significantly lower risk of dementia among participants with multimorbidity.

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健康生活方式综合因素与患有或不患有多种疾病的参与者中痴呆症的关联：一项基于大规模人群的前瞻性队列研究

背景技术健康生活方式对与多发病相关的痴呆症的影响尚不清楚。我们的目标是研究采用健康的生活方式是否可以降低患有或不患有多种疾病的个体患痴呆症的较高风险。方法 我们利用了英国生物银行队列的数据。生成了综合健康生活方式评分，范围从 0 到 6。Cox 比例风险模型用于检查多发病、健康生活方式评分和痴呆症发病风险之间的关联。结果 在中位随访 12.5 年期间，记录了 5,852 名全因痴呆患者。包括心血管、代谢、神经精神和炎症相关疾病在内的多种疾病与随后患痴呆症的较高风险相关。每增加一种慢性疾病的风险比 (HR) 为 1.38 (95% CI: 1.33, 1.44)。与没有多重疾病且健康生活方式评分为 5-6 分的个体相比，患有多重疾病且生活方式评分为 0-1 的患者患痴呆症的风险显着较高（HR：3.13；95% CI：2.64，3.72），但风险在患有多种疾病且生活方式评分为 5-6 分的患者中，这种影响显着减弱。在患有三种或更多疾病的患者中，当比较 5-6 与 0-1 的生活方式评分时，痴呆症的 HR 为 0.53（95%CI：0.42，0.68）。我们观察到，在 60 岁以下的人群中，它们之间的关联更为明显。结论 坚持健康的生活方式因素，尤其是在年轻时，与患有多种疾病的参与者患痴呆症的风险显着降低相关。