This study proposes a four-step framework for untangling place and mobility components of access through the lens of equal opportunities. It introduces two measures of Spatial Inequality of Transit Services (SITS) and Spatial Inequality of Opportunities (SIO). Exercising it on the transit access to employment opportunities in the City of Chicago, two observations are discerned. First, transit agencies ought to select the access travel time with caution, as SITS is sensitive to it. Selecting exceedingly short and exceptionally long travel times may conceal the spatial inequalities inherent in transit services. Second, offering land use and transit service plans and policies solely relying on access values can be ineffective. This is perceived as areas with low access to employment might either suffer from a lack of transit service, lack of opportunities, or both. The findings suggest that classifying areas according to SITS and SIO helps tailor effective land use and transit service plans and policies. It also helps instill social justice into transport planning strategies if it is accompanied by population synthesis of clusters.

中文翻译：

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理清交通的地点和流动性组成部分的四步框架：平等机会视角

这项研究提出了一个四步框架，通过机会均等的视角理清准入的地点和流动性组成部分。它引入了交通服务空间不平等（SITS）和机会空间不平等（SIO）两种衡量标准。通过对芝加哥市就业机会的交通访问进行运用，我们发现了两个观察结果。首先，交通机构应谨慎选择通行时间，因为SITS对此很敏感。选择极短和极长的出行时间可能会掩盖交通服务固有的空间不平等。其次，仅仅依靠通行价值来提供土地使用和交通服务计划和政策可能是无效的。这被认为是就业机会较少的地区可能会因为缺乏交通服务、缺乏机会或两者兼而有之。研究结果表明，根据 SITS 和 SIO 对区域进行分类有助于制定有效的土地利用和交通服务计划和政策。如果伴随着集群的人口综合，它还有助于将社会正义灌输到交通规划战略中。