To evaluate stress levels extracted from prefrontal electroencephalogram (EEG) signals and investigate their relationship with dry eye symptoms. This prospective, cross-sectional, comparative study included 25 eyes of 25 patients with aqueous tear-deficient dry eye (low Schirmer group), 25 eyes of 25 patients with short tear breakup time dry eye (short breakup time group), and 24 eyes of 24 individuals without dry eye. An EEG test, the Japanese version of the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), and a stress questionnaire were administered. EEG-detected stress levels were assessed under three conditions: eyes closed, eyes open, and eyes open under ocular surface anesthesia. Stress levels were significantly lower when the eyes were closed than when they were open in all groups (all < 0.05). Stress levels during eyes open under ocular surface anesthesia were significantly lower than those during eyes open without anesthesia only in the low Schirmer group; no differences were found between the short breakup time and control groups. OSDI scores were associated with EEG-detected stress levels ( = 0.06) and vital staining score ( < 0.05) in the low Schirmer group; they were not associated with EEG-detected stress ( > 0.05), but with subjective stress questionnaire scores and breakup time values in the short breakup time group ( < 0.05). In the low Schirmer group, peripheral nerve stimulation caused by ocular surface damage induced stress reactions in the frontal lobe, resulting in dry eye symptoms. Conversely, in the short breakup time group, the stress response in the frontal lobe was not related to symptom development.

中文翻译：

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脑电图检测干眼患者额叶区域的应激水平

评估从前额叶脑电图 (EEG) 信号中提取的压力水平，并研究其与干眼症状的关系。这项前瞻性、横断面、比较研究包括 25 名泪水缺乏型干眼症患者（低 Schirmer 组）的 25 只眼、25 名泪液破裂时间短的干眼症患者（短破裂时间组）的 25 只眼以及 24 只眼。 24 名没有干眼症的人。进行了脑电图测试、日本版眼表疾病指数（OSDI）和压力问卷。在三种条件下评估脑电图检测到的压力水平：闭眼、睁眼和眼表麻醉下睁眼。所有组中闭眼时的压力水平均显着低于睁开时的压力水平（均 < 0.05）。仅在低 Schirmer 组中，在眼表麻醉下睁眼时的压力水平显着低于未麻醉时睁眼时的压力水平。短分手时间组和对照组之间没有发现差异。在低 Schirmer 组中，OSDI 评分与脑电图检测到的应激水平 (= 0.06) 和活体染色评分 (< 0.05) 相关；它们与脑电图检测到的压力（> 0.05）无关，但与短分手时间组的主观压力问卷得分和分手时间值相关（< 0.05）。在低泪液分泌组中，眼表损伤引起的周围神经刺激诱发额叶应激反应，导致干眼症状。相反，在分手时间短的组中，额叶的应激反应与症状的发展无关。